Material Selection

Its very difficult to choose the right gasket for the job these days, there are just so many styles. There are many different packings with similar properties and prices. And with the ban on asbestos-based materials, there are many more styles being made to replace them. The four basic things you have to keep in mind when selecting a material are as follows: • Operating Pressure

• Bolt Load

• Resistance to chemical attack (Corrosion)

• Operating temperature

The corrosion resistance can vary based on a couple different factors: • The concentration of the corrosive agent: Higher concentrations dont always mean the fluid will be more corrosive.

• The temperature of the corrosive agent: Higher temperatures tend to speed the effects of corrosion.

• Dew Point: When the fluid moves through the dew point when in the presence of sulfer and water can result in the formation of highly corrosive condensates. The formation of sulfer and water are commonly found in gases resulting from combustion. In critical applications it is common practice to test materials in a lab to determine their chemical resistance to corrosive media under service conditions. In order to design a gasket, an evaluation is required, starting with the type of flange, bolt load, setting stress, etc. Attention to detail is key in this process and every step must be followed in order to get maximum use out of your material. Gasket selection can be simplified by using the Pressure x Temperature Factor.

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Styles of PTFE

Molded and Sintered PTFE: This type of PTFE was the first to be introduced to the market. This style is made from virgin or reprocessed PTFE resin, without fillers, which is then molded, compressed and sintered. As with any other type of plastic, PTFE has a high creep factor when compressed. The creep factor is detrimental and can lead to having to re-tighten the bolts to maintain seating pressure and prevent leakage. The higher the temperature in the application it is used for, the more the creep factor will increase. Even with these drawbacks, PTFE is affordable, easily available and highly chemical resistant.

Skived PTFE: This style is similar to molded and sintered PTFE as it is also make of virgin or reprocessed PTFE without fillers. Instead of molding an individual sheet, the sheets are taken from a billet of PTFE with a process called skiving. The skiving process was developed to overcome manufacturing deficiencies of the molding process. Skived PTFE shares the same creep characteristics as molded and sintered PTFE.

Molded or Skived Filled PTFE: In order to correct the creep characteristics of molded and skived PTFE, manufacturers started adding mineral fillers or fibers in order to reduce creep factor. This indeed reduced the creep characteristics but not by a significant amount.

Restructured Filled PTFE: Besause the addition of fillers in the molding process was not enough to significantly reduce creep, a new manufacturing process was developed to produce filled PTFE sheets. In this new process the material is laminated before being sintered, which yeilds a highly fibrillated structure with significantly less creep. The different fillers used in this process are as follow: • Barite: Added for use in strong caustic service. Also FDA compliant.

• Mineral Silica: Used for strong acidic service.

• Hollow Glass Microshperes: Used to increase compressibility.

• Synthetic Silica: Used as subsitute for glass microspheres.

Expanded PTFE: This style of PTFE is made by heating and stretching PTFE before sintering it. Lke all PTFE it has strong chemical resistance, but unlike molded or skived PTFE, this material has a high compressibility and is good for use in flanges made from fragile materials. The only drawback to this material is that its floppy and difficult to install, especially if the flanges cannot be separated.

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GS (General Service) Metal Bellows

Metal Bellows seals can seal with Flexible Graphite instead of a rubber boot or o-ring Elastomers allowing it to be used in higher temperature applications No Springs to clog. Metal Bellows seals are a very effective method of maintaining seal face pressure on the seal face.

Metal Bellows seals that do use o-rings only require one static o-ring to seal off any leakage along the shaft in Chemical Service this o-ring can be Aflas, EPDM, Nitrle, Viton, Encapsolated PTFE, Ameri-rez, or PTFE Because the o-ring is static it will not wear on the shaft.

When installed correctly metal bellows seals will provide exceptionally long service. Metal bellows seals are and excellent solution on chemical applications where Kalrez, Chemrez,Viton, FKM, Buna, Aflas or EPDM are not compatible.

For many years an inexpensive form of metal bellows seals have been used very successfully in the waste water / sewage industry and in the agricultural fields pumping irrigation water. These seals were generally made of a formed bellows rather than a welded bellows. Welded bellows seals are much stronger and have superior flex and recovery characteristics which are more ideal to holding seal faces together but cost more to manufacture. Welded metal bellows seals are less prone to metal fatigue and are available in single and double ply.

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ASP Type 9 Mechanical Seal

Mechanical seals often need to be used in chemical applications. When confronted with some harsh chemicals, mechanical seals containing elastomers made of Viton, Kalrez or Chemrez can't hold up. Because PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene)or as most people know it Teflon ® , has a 0-14 ph range it usually will hold up.

Like most materials every choice has an up and a down side. PTFE will handle most chemical applications, chemical attack is no longer an issue. On the down side PTFE wedges can cause fretting of your sleeve or shaft if you have not hard surfaced your shaft or sleeve (plasma coating).

The stationary element of your seal will require a PTFE gasket. It's not much good to have a PTFE on the rotary and then use an elastomer on the seat. We have seen it done, and because it is a static application some have gotten away with it, but it is not recommended. Most commonly the seat will be a L-shaped or Clamped mount style to allow space for a PTFE gasket to be used as the secondary sealing element.

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Style 615 Graphited Non-Asbestos Packing

Description:

Our Style 615 packing is manufactured from a synthetic yarn and impregnated with a petroleum and graphite lubricant. Due to its soft feel and composition, Style 615 adapts well to machinery that is out-of-spec due to wear and tear, such as with older pumps, valves, agitators and mixers.

Style 615 is a prime material for use in centrifugal and rotary pumps, as well as valves with applications involving water, steam, aqueous solutions, mild acids and alkalies, air and dry industrial gasses, and petroleum services.

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Technical parameter:
Temperature	-170 F (-110 C ) to +500° F (+260 C )
Speed	to 1500 fpm
Pressure	to 300 psi (rotary/centrifugal)
PH Value	4-10
Construction	Square Braid

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Style 649 Carbon/PTFE Packing

Description: Style 649 is a braided packing made of carbon fiber which is impregnated with PTFE dispersion. 649 is inert to almost all corrosive chemicals.

When it is used for pumps, frictional heat is freely conducted to the stuffing box metal because of its excellent thermal conductivity. As a result, no or little damage will be caused to the shaft sleeve or to the packing.

Although similar in cost, It can replace common non-asbestos (graphite/PTFE) packings, it will last longer and handle a wider range of applications.

This unique packing is an inexpensive version of high grade carbon packings. It can be used to replace both low cost graphited non-asbestos packings and in many cases can be used to replace the expensive carbon packings used as end rings in valve applications: (as long the temperature is less than + 662 degrees F).

It can be used to seal corrosive fluids except strong oxidizer acids, organic solvents. Ideal for use in centrifugal pumps, plunger pumps, mixers valves, etc.

Technical parameter:
Temperature	-328 F to +662 F
FPM	2500
PH Value	1-13

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What is O-Rings ? Learn Benefits of O-Rings

O-Rings

O-rings are also known as the toric joint and they are a type of seal used in industrial applications. The advantages of using these types of rings are many because they come with a rounded cross section and most machines used in an industry are circular in shape. Because of being circular by nature, they automatically match the shape of the device without much difficulty.

The origin of the o-rings dates back to the time in 1896 when it was first patented and was used in industries in the U.S. Later, sensing its versatile finish and usability in production, countries around the globe started purchasing it and now it is one of the most used accessories. The size of the rings are measured in different measurement scales. It is commonly measured in inches and sometimes in metric, based on the region around the globe. Irrespective of your location, you can easily purchase the material you need from any part of the globe as the size chart is the same wherever you go. The only region that varies drastically is in UK where it is referred using a BS scale which is almost the same but you may have to be careful when placing an order.

Common Uses The O-rings are best used as a joint within mechanical mounting. As they are made using metal bodies, they don’t easily give way and retain their shape irrespective of the pressure exerted on these items. The accessory acts as a reliable sealant even when high pressure liquid passes through it. It is also widely used in industries to contain gases, liquids and other types of items when they are transferred from one end of the manufacturing plant to another. They ensure that there is no leak in between which provides a loss free environment for investors to work in.

When inserting the ring in between two different metal casing, one has to make sure that the point of contact is not smooth because if it is too smooth, it may not exert the proposed pressure on the connecting bracelets. It could lead to unexpected leaks which is why they are always made with a surface finish that offers enough friction to keep the setup firmly in place during transfusions. Another widely used application for O-rings are in vacuum related applications where they are solid enough to not lose their shape. The best materials to create an o-ring for vacuum application is to make them using nickel, or copper materials. It is not advisable to use rubber because they could become hard when the temperature increases and brittle doesn’t withstand when the temperature goes really low.

Materials Used A wide range of materials are used to manufacture O-rings. The most common and the popular ones for every type of industrial purpose include butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, EPDM, Nitrile rubber, fluoro elastomer, Neoprene rubber and thermo plastic polyurethane. There are other types of rubber materials that are also used to make the rings. Sometimes, there are o-rings made using motor oils, even water and gasoline or hydraulic oil.

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Style 698 Carbon Packing

Description: Braided from a blend of carbon yarns, Style 698 is impregnated with a proprietary blocking agent. Designed to be highly durable and easy to install, Style 698 packing is also a non-staining, self lubricating packing. Our unique blend of carbon yarns ensures extremely low shaft wear, while maintaining excellent heat dissipation. Typically used for severely caustic or corrosive media, this packing is suited for almost any high speed/high temperature pump or valve. Style Number: 698 Service: Pump and Valve Packing Product Type: Braided Packing Construction: Interlock Braid Technical parameter: Temperature 550º F / 290ºC PH Value 0 – 14 Pressure 500 PSI / 34 BAR Pump or 3600 PSI / 250 BAR Valve Speed 2000 FPM / 10 MPS Phone: (714) 361 1435 sales@aspseal.com http://www.mechanicalseals.net

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PTFE Stem Packing

PTFE Stem Packing: Description: Our PTFE stem packing manufactured in the USA from 100% PTFE resin with no fillers or additives and is extruded, eliminating the leak path potential allowed by conventinal spiral tape wrapping. Our PTFE stem packing is also slightly expanded allowing grater compressibility under lighter compression loads.

For customers requiring Graphite filler, Graphite can be added with loading levels as high as 20% by weight.

Technical parameter: Temperature Min. -450ºF (-268ºC)/Max 500ºF (315ºC)
Speed 200 fpm (1 m/s)
Pressure 1450 psi (100 bar)
PH Value 0-14 (except molten alkali metals and elemental fluorine)

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Ameri-lon Pump Packing

Construction: Cross-lock Braid Features: Manufactured from a skived PTFE and Graphite blend. No surface lubricant is required for this naturally lubricious packing, so it never washes out. Unlike filament yarn packings wicking is not an issue. This packing performs exceptionally in abrasive applications.
It last long and stands up to tough applications. It is the most versatile valve or pump packing we sell which is why we gave it has Ameri- in it's name.
Usage:
As both PTFE and graphite are excellent sealing materials, they give Ameri-lon packing exceptional sealing properties that other products cannot offer. Ameri-lon packing is tough and durable, self-lubricant, heat and chemical resistant. It also has good thermal conductivity and very low friction factor.
Application:
Excellent versatile packing for pumps, valves, mixer, agitators or other equipments. Great on abrasive applications. Suitable for use in any rotary, reciprocating or static gland,against all chemicals except very strong oxidizers such as Oleum, Aqua Regia,fuming Nitric Acid and Fluorine.
Limitations: pH: 0-14
Pressure: Up to 300 psi Pumps / 4000 psi -Valves
Shaft Speed: Up to 4500 feet per minute
Temp Rating: -328 to 536 F
Mechanical Seals : http://www.mechanicalseals.net

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Vulcan Multi-Spring Seals

Introduction Vulcan Multi-Spring Seals

Vulcan’s extensive 16XX range of Multi-Sprung Seals are commonly specified for arduous applications, such as corrosive process fluids or demanding operating parameters. The standard designs are available with a chemically resistant PTFE wedge component, which is spring loaded to force the flexible angular lip of the wedge into tight contact with the shaft.

The same spring force impacts a sufficient load to the rotary face to create a suitable seal interface with a varied choice of standard stationary seats, most commonly our Type 25 V Seat. Balanced face designs are also available for higher duty applications. ‘O’-Ring variants, of both balanced and nonbalanced Types, are available as standard. All the seal faces and wedges interchange with most common competitor designs by fitting into their retainers.

Applications

The 16XX family range are ideally suited for corrosive duties and are commonly utilised in the chemical industry, due to the inertness and sealing nature of the wedge design. These seals are also very suitable for a wide spectrum of application conditions. Their operating suitability range is enhanced by the ‘O’-Ring alternative design and the wide range of available elastomers.

Standard Vulcan 16XX Types Type 1609 Series Standard multi-sprung, grub screwed seal, available in a wide variety of face and secondary seal, materials and designs. Type 1659 Series As above, but compact design complies to DIN 24960 (EN12756) and ISO 3069 standards. Type 1645 Series Thin profiled, multi-sprung, grub screwed seal, conforming to ANSI B73 for American standard equipment.

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Vulcan Wave Spring Type Seals

Vulcan Wave Spring Type Seals Introduction :-

The Vulcan Wave Spring Range of Bi-Directional mechanical seals offer proven design and wave spring technology, in a multitude of material combinations, with superior designs but at very competitive pricing.

Applications :-

This range was specifically designed for rotary lobe pumps, whose principle application is normally for liquids of high viscosity. These are commonly found in the food, dairy, brewery and pharmaceutical industries. Their compact design makes these seals an excellent choice for confined stuffing boxes areas or even external mounted applications

Standard Wave Spring Spring Types 1. Type 1688
2. Type 1677
3. Type 1688L
4. Type 1682
5. Type 1678
1.Type 1688

The robust wave spring seal is ideally suited for standard, rotary lobe pump, stuffing boxes, of compact design. The seal is positively driven by grub screws and supplied from Vulcan with monolithic hard face materials as our standard.

2. Type 1677

The Type 1677 is a positively, bi-direction driven wave spring seal, utilising crest to crest wave spring technology, offering excellent axial movement capabilities. The seal is radially compacted and designed to suit DIN 24960 (EN12756). The design of this seal head, enables easy replacement of a wide range of high quality materials and elastomers, supplied as standard.

3. Type 1688L

As above but supplied with a Type 24 DINL pinned stat, to suit DIN standard housing dimensions.

4. Type 1682

A wave spring seal to suit standard rotary lobe pumps. The Type 1682 is similar in design to the Type 1688 but is driven directly from the grub screws.

5. Type 1678

Designed as per the Type 1677 but with a stepped face, to provide a balanced seal for stepped shafts.

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HARD FACED SINGLE CARTRIDGE SEAL

HARD FACED SINGLE CARTRIDGE SEAL

< ASP Stainless Steel Single Cartridge Seal
< Balanced
< Multi-Directional
< Flush Connection included
< SC / SC Hard Face Standard
< ASP SCS single cartridge seals are fully pre-assembled

They are balanced and can be used in either direction of rotation. The energizing springs hold the seal faces together from outside the stuffing box, keeping them from clogging and losing compression. By making all of our seal faces “hard faces” your seals will last. In the short run our ASP SCS will help reduce your mechanical seals cost. In the long run your maintenance and clean up expenses are reduced. Our seals protect your bearings, and your budget.

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What is ASP TYPE 60 and How to works?

This seal is known as the friend of the maintenance man and can be used where a highly reliable, anti-clog seal is required. Long life is assured with the cool running AST 60 Seal. The floating rotary seal face eliminates seal face distortion inherent to shrink fit seal designs.

Since the springs are isolated from the pump, you may be able to reduce or eliminate flushing and product dilution.

Rebuild kits are available so you can rebuild the ASP 60 in your plant without tools. You control your seal repairs: no waiting for an exchange seal or cross-contamination from previous service.

! The ASP 60 Seal is designed for use in
! Power Generation: Cooling water, slurries, boiler feed, recirculation
! Chemical Processing: Reagents, solvents, process streams, paints
! Food Processing: Starches, slurries
! Wastewater Treatment
! HVAC Systems
! Pulp and Paper Mills: Brines, solutions
! Steel Mills: Pollution control, cooling water

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